This paper compares rhythms of mobility and nature of settlement choices of late Neolithic communities in the southern Caucasus and northern Mesopotamia. Intensive landscape studies in southwestern Azerbaijan and southern Georgia have recently unveiled densely populated 6th mill. BCE landscapes. Emphasis is devoted to comparing these newly acquired case studies with examples along the Syro‐Turkish Euphrates River (Bernbeck 2013) and the Balikh Basin in Syria (Akkermans 2013). Considering different environmental conditions, the reconstruction of late Neolithic landscapes and patterns of human mobility also sheds light on the level of social complexity of Southwestern Asian 6th millennium BCE communities.